NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Math Chapter 2.3 POLYNOMIALS ALL SOLUTION

CLASS :- 9, EX :- 2.3



1.    Find the remainder when ` \x^3+3x^2+3x+1\ ` is divided by

(i)    ` \x+1\ `

(ii)    ` \x-\frac{1}{2}\ `

(iii)    ` \x\ `

(iv)    ` \x+π\ `

(v)    ` \5+2x\ `

solution :

(i)    ` \x+1\ `

    Here, ` \p(x)=x^3+3x^2+3x+1\ `

    The zero of ` \x+1\ ` is

    ` \x+1=0\ `

    ` \x=-1\ `

    So, ` \P(−1)=(-1)^3+3(-1)^2+3(-1)+1\ `

    ` \=-1+3+(-3)+1\ `

    ` \=0\ `

    So, by the Remainder Theorem, 0 is the remainder when ` \x^3+3x^2+3x+1\ ` is divided by ` \x+1\ `.

(ii)    ` \x-\frac{1}{2}\ `

    Here, ` \p(x)=x^3+3x^2+3x+1\ `

    The zero of ` \x-\frac{1}{2}\ ` is

     ` \x-\frac{1}{2}=0\ `

    ` \x=\frac{1}{2}\ `

    So, ` \P(\frac{1}{2})=(\frac{1}{2})^3+3(\frac{1}{2})^2+3(\frac{1}{2})+1\ `

    ` \=\frac{1}{8}+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{3}{2}+1\ `

    ` \=\frac{1+6+12+8}{8}\ `

    ` \=\frac{27}{8}\ `

    So, by the Remainder Theorem, ` \frac{27}{8}\ ` is the remainder when ` \x^3+3x^2+3x+1\ ` is divided by ` \x-\frac{1}{2}\ `

(iii)    ` \x\ `

    Here, ` \p(x)=x^3+3x^2+3x+1\ `

    The zero of ` \x\ ` is

    ` \x=0\ `

    So, ` \P(0)=0^3+3×0^2+3×0+1\ `

    ` \=0+0+0+1\ `

    ` \= 1\ `

    So, by the Remainder Theorem, 1 is the remainder when ` \x^3+3x^2+3x+1\ ` is divided by ` \x\ `.

(iv)    ` \x+π\ `

    Here, ` \p(x)=x^3+3x^2+3x+1\ `

    The zero of ` \x+pi\ ` is

    ` \x+pi=0\ `

    ` \x=-pi\ `

    So, ` \P(-pi)=-pi^3+3(-pi)^2+3(-pi)+1\ `

    ` \=\-pi^3+3pi^2-3pi+1\ `

    So, by the Remainder Theorem, ` \=\-pi^3+3pi^2-3pi+1\ ` is the remainder when ` \x^3+3x^2+3x+1\ ` is divided by ` \x+pi\ `.

(v)    ` \5+2x\ `

    Here, ` \p(x)=x^3+3x^2+3x+1\ `

    The zero of ` \5+2x\ ` is

    ` \5+2x=0\ `

    ` \2x=-5\ `

    ` \x=\frac{-5}{2}\ `

    So, ` \P(\frac{-5}{2})=(\frac{-5}{2})^3+3(\frac{-5}{2})^2+3(\frac{-5}{2})+1\ `

    ` \=\(\frac{-125}{8})+(\frac{75}{8})+(\frac{-15}{8})+1\ `

    ` \=\frac{-27}{8}\ `

    So, by the Remainder Theorem, ` \frac{-27}{8}\ ` is the remainder when ` \x^3+3x^2+3x+1\ ` is divided by ` \5 +2x\ `.

2.    Find the remainder when ` \x^3-ax^2+6x-a\ ` is divided by ` \x-a\ `.

solution :

    Let, ` \p(x)=x^3-ax^2+6x-a\ `

    The zero of ` \x-a\ ` is

    ` \x-a=0\ `

    ` \x=a\ `

    So, ` \P(a)=a^3-a×a^2+6a-a\ `

    ` \=a^3-a^3+5a\ `

    ` \=5a\ `

    So, by the Remainder Theorem, ` \5a\ ` is the remainder when ` \x^3-ax^2+6x-a\ ` is divided by ` \x-a\ `.

3.    Check whether ` \7+3x\ ` is a factor of ` \3x^3+7x\ `.

solution :

    The zero of ` \7+3x\ ` is

    ` \7+3x=0\ `

    ` \3x=-7\ `

    ` \x=\frac{-7}{3}\ `

    So,

    ` \p(\frac{-7}{3})=3(\frac{-7}{3})^3+7(\frac{-7}{3})\ `

    ` \=3(\frac{-343}{27})+(\frac{-49}{3})\ `

    ` \=(\frac{-343}{9})+(\frac{-49}{3})\ `

    ` \=(\frac{(-343)+(-147)}{9})\ `

    ` \=(\frac{-490}{9})\ne0\ `

    ` \=7+3x\ ` is not a factor of ` \3x^3+7x\ `.



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